Mean Girls Personality Theory Paper Essay Example

Mean Girls Personality Theory Paper Paper The movie that I decided to watch was mean girls. This movie is about a teenage girl who lived in Africa because her parents were doing research and then they had all moved to America. The girl’s name in the movie was Cady and she had never been home schooled before she moved to the United States of America. Her first couple of days was rocky but she eventually made friends with two art students by the name of Janis Ian and Damien, her new friends told her to be careful around the popular girls in school known as the plastics. One day while Cady was looking for her friends, a girl by the name of Regina George the main leader of the plastics wanted her to join their group because she thought she was really pretty. Cady becomes a part of the group, but Janis convinces her to get revenge on Regina George because of Janis’s personal experience with Regina. Cady declines on getting revenge until Regina George gets back with her ex-boyfriend Aaron Samuels who Cady liked and Regina claimed she would put in a good word for Cady. Cady then decided that she would get revenge on Regina, so the movie is basically showing how Cady evolved from a sweet girl into a typical teenage girl. The three theories that I decided to pick for this movie were Social Learning theory and Behaviorism. I chose social learning theory because the theory stated that an individual’s behavior will be influenced by the environment around them, and since Cady was around the plastics that always spread mean and vicious rumors she became one of them. We will write a custom essay sample on Mean Girls Personality Theory Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Mean Girls Personality Theory Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Mean Girls Personality Theory Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I chose behaviorism because Skinner stated behavior is a response to the environment which would explain why Cady decided to get even with Regina because that is what Regina George would do. Another theory that I thought that was displayed in the movie would be Dollard and Miller’s learning process which consisted of five steps, those four steps would be drive, cue, response, reinforcement effect. Drive is defined as a promotion of a specific action. Social learning theory was a theory that Albert Bandura developed which explained how an individual’s behavior is influenced by the environment around them. There are four steps in the social learning theory. There are four ways that social learning can be developed and those four are attentional processes, retention processes, motor production, and motivational processes. The attention process just states that people are more likely to direct their attention on charismatic attractive models, to repeat the behavior. The retention process is remembering schemas for later to put into use. Motor production is a convert, abstract idea to appropriate action. The motivational processes just states that there is an acquisition process which is what people learn to do, and performance would be when a person actually performed. The experiment that Bandura performed to prove this theory was the Bobo doll study. The study consisted of three groups of children. One group was shown an aggressive adult model and was asked to physically and verbally attack the doll. The second group was shown a passive adult model and was told to ask passively, and the control group did not have an adult model. When the children were sent in a playroom to play with multiple toys that including the Bobo doll. The children that were shown the aggressive adult model appeared to be more aggressive towards the doll, and hit it with various objects such as pots, pans and dolls. There were various scenes in mean girls that displayed the social learning theory. One of the examples would be when Janis Ian cut out the breast part out of Regina’s George’s tank top, Regina George noticed that she was wearing a shirt with the breasts cut out, but she didn’t care and went around the school that way, the whole school seen her and began to duplicate her style because they seen that an attractive model was wearing her tank top that way. This is part of the social learning theory because it states that there are four characteristics and one of them was attentional which just stated that people are more likely to copy other’s actions because they are attractive models. There were several examples of this throughout the movie, at one point during the movie a girl said she had seen Regina George wearing army pants and flip flops so she went to get the exact outfit that Regina George had. Another one of the attention model would be when Regina George’s little sister was in the living room listening to milkshake and watching girls gone wild, and a girl on the television lifted up her shirt, so Regina George’s sister lifted her shirt up as if she was one of the girls in the girls gone wild video. There were two examples of motivation models in the movie. One example would be when Cady skipped health class on her second day with Janis and Ian because they told her too, and that Cady was their friend. This is an example because while narrating the movie she stated that the reason that she stayed with them and skipped class was because Janis said that they were friends and she was in no position to pass up friends. Another one of the same would be when Cady was a nice girl at the beginning f the film and did not understand why everybody disliked the plastics until her supposed friend, Regina George was kissing Aaron Samuels the guy that Cady liked, after this happened Cady decided that she would be catty just like Regina George and use similar tactics to get even with her for that. It was acquired when the plastics asked Cady to sit with them, but it was carried out (performance) when she actually did stuff to sabotage Regina George. Skinner’s definition of behavior state d that behavior is a response to the environment. Skinner also stated the two types of behavior which are operant and respondent. Operant is when behavior is elicited by a person, it is not an automatic response and it is not learned. Behavior can be altered but it depends on the consequences. Respondent behavior is when behavior is elicited by stimulus, it is an automatic response, and is a behavior that people cannot learn. Respondent behavior can be altered through conditioning. In the movie mean girls this was displayed when Cady finally went to school, so that she could make friends. She was a nice and respecting young lady until she became a part of the popular girls. Cady’s behavior throughout the movie changed because she learned the behavior by hanging out with the popular girls. Cady was not interested in getting revenge on Regina George until she told Regina George that she liked Aaron Samuels and Regina George decided that she wanted to resume their relationship. So, when Cady saw that Regina George took Aaron Samuels back, Cady decided that she would join Janis in getting revenge. She learned her behavior from the plastics and Janis Ian. But at the end her behavior changed back to how it was in the beginning when she was a nice respectable girl. Cady’s behavior changing throughout the movie is described as operant behavior. Since Cady was punished toward the end of the movie for claiming that she was responsible for writing the burn book she was grounded by her parents, and her teacher made her join Mathletes because she was failing her math class. Her parents were provided her with a punishment because she was misbehaving and was trying to correct her behavior so that she could be similar to the girl that they know before she started high school.

Christmas Tongue Twisters Alliteration Lesson Plan

Christmas Tongue Twisters Alliteration Lesson Plan Everyone knows the popular tongue twister She sells seashells on the sea shore. This Christmas, teach your students about alliteration and let them try and create a few fun holiday tongue twisters of their own. Heres how. Explaining Alliteration Start your lesson by saying the popular tongue twister mentioned above. Then, ask students if they have ever heard of this saying before. Discuss that this play on words is called alliteration, which is a literary element. Ask them if they can guess from your example what alliteration might mean. Try and get students to work towards a definition like this: Alliteration is defined as the repetition of consonants at the beginning of words in any piece of writing. Make sure that students understand that alliterative words do not have to start with same letter or letters but it can be like ( i.e. chilly and silly). You can give students the example below. The pots and pans were Peters prized possessions. Next, have students try and brainstorm some words. Write the letter H on the front board and ask students to try and think of names, place, animals, or food that begins with the same sound of that letter. Let them try and come up with at least five words for each category. Then, as a class try and come up with a tongue twister using the words from the categories. Tongue Twisters Once they have gotten the hang of what alliteration is and how it works, then you can let them loose to try and create festive tongue twisters on their own. Extend the lesson by asking your students to illustrate a tongue twister or two. Let them use a dictionary and/or thesaurus to kick their twisters up to the next level of complexity. Here are a few Christmas tongue twisters to get you started: Crazy kids clamor for candy canes and Christmas cookies.Toy trains travel and toot along the track.Hal had happy holiday holly.Prancer presents pumpkin pies and presents.Chilly children cheer and chant on chilly nights.Santa sings silly songs about sleighs slipping supper fast in the sun.Tiny Tim trims the tallest tree with tons of terrific tinsel.Red-nosed Rudolph romps readily round ruby wreaths.Blitzer bobbles a billion brilliant bells.Santas super sleigh slips so swiftly through the snow.Shiny stars sparkle on silver sleighs.Ten tiny toy soldiers tinker with twenty toy trains.Santas stuffed sack sags and slumps. Edited by: Janelle Cox

Best Man Wedding Speech Essay -- Wedding Toasts Roasts Speeches

Good Evening everybody...I hope you are all enjoying everything so far...My name is Frank Levy, and I am Rick's Best Man for the evening. I happened to find out that there was a pool going on as to how long my Best Man's speech was going to be, and I was the only one who bought in at 60 minutes, so you might as well all just relax, sit back and enjoy the ride. When Rick first asked me to be a "Best Man", I wasn't really sure what my responsibilities were suppossed to be. I asked around, and was told that my main duties for today were: To ensure that the groom arrives on time, To make sure he is sober, And to make sure he is looking good. Well 2 out of 3 isn?t bad... After all I?m best man, not a plastic surgeon! I was also worried about how long... Best Man Wedding Speech Essay -- Wedding Toasts Roasts Speeches Good evening Ladies and Gentlemen – I'd like to start by saying that what a genuine honor it is to be part of Rick's wedding. Rick certainly is handsome tonight, with his fine rented tux and shoes. On a gala evening such as this, you may find it hard to believe that Rick has not always been so handsome. The truth is, Rick was so ugly at birth, the doctor slapped his mother! The nurses were no more sympathetic, they diapered poor little Rick’s face. The fact is, his parents were so embarrassed of Rick that they borrowed another baby for the baptism ceremony. When little Rick went to school, the situation didn’t improve at all. Yes, it is true that Rick was the teacher’s pet – but that was just because the teacher couldn’t afford a dog! Rick's appearance b... Best Man Wedding Speech Essay -- Wedding Toasts Roasts Speeches Well to be honest Steven I thought you would have spoken for longer today†¦.. as that was probably your last opportunity to speak for any length of time without interruption. Not that I’m saying Ellen talks a lot! Afternoon everybody†¦..or is it evening†¦.. seems so long ago that we started these proceedings†¦. For those of you that do not know me my name is Mark Although I’m sure you’ll have a few other names for me after I’ve finished this†¦. Although BIG NOSE is a little obvious! Also just a little soundcheck†¦.Can hear me at the back Good then put a bottle aside for me!!!! Well†¦I hope you’ve all been having a good time and enjoyed yourselves so far†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Good †¦..but as they say †¦.. every silver lining has a cloud†¦.. and I’m afraid it’s just got overcast! I must thank Ellen’s parents for their hospitality today and that really did look like a splendid meal†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. although I’m afraid mine should be just be hitting the city sewer system around †¦. About†¦.. now†¦ Response to Steven’s Toast To Bridesmaid First of all may I re-iterate and thank Steven for his complementary comments to the Bridesmaids, who have done a splendid job today at looking wonderful. Although†¦.. No-doubt my sister has already told you this†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Read CARDS / TELEGRAMS here! â€Å"Don’t forget dear †¦.. the slightest ill treatment and you come home to Mother! Closer Look†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Oh!! Its for m service lady will of course be puzzled by this request and ask him whether Mrs Scott might want something more substantial To which Steven will probably reply ‘No that’s ok I'm conducting an experiment to see if she eats like a rabbit as well!" Ladies and Gentlemen please†¦.. settle down†¦ Could you please stand now and join me in a toast to the bride’s parents for this special day. Thank you. And while you are all standing I’ve just got a few last things to say†¦.. Steven you are an excellent friend and it’s been an honour to be your best man. I wish you and Ellen all the very best for the future. If everyone could now join me in a toast to Mr and Mrs Steven and Ellen Scott. Congratulations!!!

Technological Advancements in Historic Preservation Research Paper

Technological Advancements in Historic Preservation - Research Paper Example Historic buildings have been designed with sustainable features that respond to both site and prevailing climate (WBDG). The effectiveness of sustainable features used to preserve traditional buildings and, when incorporated in modern buildings, those features can result in substantial energy savings. The current technologically improved sustainable preservation of buildings has, therefore, been derived and adapted to supplement the inherent sustainable features in many historical buildings without compromising the unique and historic character of such buildings. For example, the Adobe houses or those made of dried bricks are among the oldest buildings made of the most common materials that are known to man today (Old House Web). The adobe bricks were not fired initially but were sun-baked first and only then used in the construction process. These bricks consist of sand, clay, water, gravel and straw or grass that are mixed with hands in wooden moulds and then are being dried in the sun (Old House Web). As the adobe bricks are not fired in a kiln, the bricks never harden permanently but remain unstable during their life time. These bricks are, therefore, prone to shrinking as water content changes with their strength fluctuating over time: the higher the water content, the lower the strength (Old House Web). The adobe bricks, though having been successfully used in the buildings, cannot bond to metal, wood or stone as they exhibit greater movements than these materials. Attempts to bond these materials resulted in cracking, separating or twisting at the interfaces, which led to cracking and failure of the buildings in most of cases. This prejudiced the preservation of these buildings. In the majority of cases, where traditional methods may not present enough strength in buildings, other technologies in the modern building construction are used to reinforce these traditional buildings to ensure sustainability and preservation of a historic fabric (Fischetti, 42 ). The early adobe building foundations varied greatly according to their differences in local building construction and available materials, which resulted in great variability in these buildings, including their sustainability (Old House Web). Lack of professionals at planning or preservation stage of a huge number of traditional buildings has had a bad effect on those buildings, thus, numerous efforts to innovate and elaborate plans for preservation in these buildings have been made recently; though there has been a growing belief in the inclusion of planning and growth management in preservation of these buildings (WBDG). Though preserving a building has been recognized as an ultimate recycling of projects, the majority of preservationists in most of cases fight the stigma of historic buildings being inefficient and stress on the need to take daunting corrective measures in order to retrofit for energy saving devices and systems with the green sustainable design being increasing ly popular in both construction and preservation of new industries (WBDG). These shortcomings in the traditional buildings and preservation approaches are continuously being reviewed though the improved technologies in both preservation of buildings and documentation of building projects so that to enhance effective preservation. The growing technological advances have made it possible to improve building preservation efficiency and accuracy with record keeping in architectural and construction projects being enhanced to

MARKETING RESEARCH FOR A NEW MATERNITY CARE PRODUCT LINE NORTON Essay

MARKETING RESEARCH FOR A NEW MATERNITY CARE PRODUCT LINE NORTON CHILDRENS HOSPITAL - Essay Example Along this line, a marketing research is required to produce the needed information. (Please see Appendix B.) As far as identifying the problem, there is actually none. This is being stated because the hospital has the capabilities to introduce and establish the proposed maternity care unit. It is only as to how extensive the new product line should be to capitalize on the local market, which indeed appears to be a captured market, and to therefore maximize the earnings of the hospital. The concern of the top hospital men is therefore more on the leverage of answers rather than of a problem. There are no problems. Instead, there are answers that must be sought in making the final decision on whether or not to push the project. The aims of the research is (1) to obtain as much information on the reaction of the local market to the idea of establishing a full-service maternity care department or division in the children's hospital, and (2) to document all these information and data to become the basis of management on whether or not to so push through with the introduction and establishment of the new product line. The research design uses statistical data gathering with 270 responde... Aims of the Research The aims of the research is (1) to obtain as much information on the reaction of the local market to the idea of establishing a full-service maternity care department or division in the children's hospital, and (2) to document all these information and data to become the basis of management on whether or not to so push through with the introduction and establishment of the new product line. Research Design and Procedures The research design uses statistical data gathering with 270 respondents in the local community. The demographical spreads are divided into age, gender, marital status, education and income. Upon the other hand, the questions regarding preference have been anchored on the reputation of the hospital, quality of care, distance from home, advice from doctor, advice from friends, advertisements, friendliness of the staff, maternity facilities, nursery facilities and maternity insurance. In the end, the results will be quantified as to maximum, minimum, median and mean. The survey taking is to be done directly on a person-to-person basis for each respondent as this is the most effective approach. In sum, statistics will be the prime source of information and data that will serve as the main tool in the decision making process as envisioned by the management of the hospital.2 Results of the Samples 1. Overall demographics Among the respondents, the most come from females, married, aged 26 to 40, have obtained some college education, and with income range from 70,000 to 99,000, while the least come from males, never married, aged 41 to 55, high school graduates, and those with income less than 20,000. (Please refer to Appendix E.) 2. Interest in the Idea of a Children's Hospital For those

Turfgrass Extension Program Essay Example for Free

Turfgrass Extension Program Essay I have spent many fruitful years amassing experience in the turfgrass industry and have developed an immense interest in and respect for this field of inquiry. In keeping with this, I have been involved in research and extension activities supporting the turfgrass industry both as a student member of the Ohio Turfgrass Foundation—to which I gave five years of service—and as an active team member of Turfgrass Extension Program at University of Wisconsin and University of Massachusetts—where I served for two years. In addition to this, I have approached research and extension from the standpoint of stakeholders for whom I serve as a provider of information and technology within the turfgrass industry. I have also operated in the office of facilitator of continuing education for turfgrass growers and managers, upon whom I have striven to impress the value that turfgrass clientele deserve individualized service in a timely manner. It is my belief that any successful turfgrass pathology program must retain its relevance to pique and enhance users’ interest. Furthermore, such a program must also convey information in layperson terms in order to facilitate comprehension by diverse audiences, which will aid in the application of this information to their specific situations. I also strongly believe that the provided information will be more meaningful when it is based on solid research and evaluated under similar local environmental conditions. Wisconsin boasts unique and interesting climate conditions, having hot and humid summers but cold and snowy winters. This makes it therefore necessary that turfgrass grown in this state to be sustained and managed in two very extreme weather conditions. Consequently, such turfgrass needs to be protected from both summer and winter pathogens. The primary foci of my research are in two areas: on the â€Å"dollar spot† caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa and on the snow molds caused by Microdochium nivale, Typhula incarnata, and Typhula ishikariensis (Abernathy, et al., 2001). Dollar spot and snow molds are the most economically important fungal diseases on highly-cared-for turfgrass in Wisconsin, and they respectively occur during the summer and winter. Although with a proper fertility program along with sound cultural practices does succeed in alleviating some of the disease pressure, management of these diseases on manicured turfgrass heavily relies on fungicide. Various fungicides, or often tank-mixtures of fungicides, are commonly applied preventatively and/or curatively. Recently, however, turfgrass managers have been left with fewer options as it regards fungicides. Fungicide use has become stricter due to concerns related to environmental, human, and animal health. Old chemistry (e.g., PCNB and anilazine) widely used for turfgrass diseases was requested due to regulatory or voluntary cancellation of re-registration. In addition, the release of new fungicides now decreases due to low margin of profit, considering the cost of development and registration. In addition, intensively managed fungal pathogens have been reported to develop insensitivity to fungicide, causing reduction of fungicide efficacy in the field. Development of management strategies to use fungicides more effectively with a minimal risk of causing fungicide insensitivity is now a critical and urgent need for the current turfgrass industry. The achievement of this goal depends on specific factors. A population instead of an individual must be the target of control strategies, because it is the fungal population that evolves to survive in an environment that is experiences constant changes as a result of agricultural practices. Therefore, the primary interest of my research is aimed at gaining a better understanding of the pathogen population and its dynamics in the turfgrass agrosystem. This research is also directly linked to the extension of the new practical knowledge about disease management toward stakeholders in the state. For the comprehensive study about fungal population, I have developed three key assay tools for S. homoeocarpa. The first (1st) is the in vitro fungicide sensitivity assay using predetermined discriminatory concentrations; the second (2nd) is the PCR-based DNA fingerprinting technique; and the third (3rd) is the vegetative compatibility assay using nitrate non-utilizing (nit) mutants. Based on this technique and methodology, I have conducted research and compiled data on the structure and dynamics of S. homoeocarpa field populations in Wisconsin and Massachusetts since 2005 up to the present. S. homoeocarpa populations on turfgrass where different management practices had been applied has been shown to be significantly different in term of genetic variability and fungicide sensitivity. For example, the population on the fairway was very different from one on the adjacent rough or putting green. In addition, the dollar-spot population changed relatively fast in response to fungicide application. Particularly, benzimidazole fungicide thiophanate-methyl caused the fungal population to rapidly shift to fungicide insensitivity. Various unique cultural and fungicide practices used on turfgrass surely affect the fungal population, and this proves to be critical information for developing and implementing effective dollar-spot control measures. My future research will focus on investigating how the fungal population changes in response to different agricultural input as well as environmental factors on turfgrass, and these activities include mowing, irrigation, and the use of fertilizers and fungicides. Further long-term research on the S. homoeocarpa population will increase knowledge about the population dynamics of phytopathogenic fungi on perennial gramineous plants, where few or no previous studies have been conducted. My extension in Wisconsin will be geared to augment the outstanding efforts of the current turfgrass extension program. First of all, the Turfgrass Diagnostic Lab (TDL) will be used as a pipeline for getting information to the clientele in the state. Fast and accurate disease diagnosis is the key to successful disease control. Timely diagnosis of turfgrass samples and recommendation of proper treatments is recognized to be of utmost importance, and will therefore be promptly and directly offered for the benefit of the turfgrass industry. Communication with the clientele via phone, site visits and consultations also provides critical feedback to identify imminent problems and needs faced by the turfgrass industry. The key element of extension project is that proper fungicide programs will be developed and provided to the turfgrass industry as an important element of integrated pest management (IPM). The use of fungicide is requisite for managing turfgrass diseases below the tolerance level, which is usually very low on intensively managed turfgrass. At the same time, fungicide must be used with a minimal number of applications and at a proper concentration to minimize its destructive effect on the environment. Therefore the most effective fungicides must first be selected for targeted pathogen species. For example, for three major fungal species causing snow molds, certain fungicides provided better control for certain species but not for other species. Such distinctions would lead to the choice of the most effective fungicide(s) for each species. Second, the fungicide sensitivity level of the local pathogen population should also precede fungicide selection. At the location where insensitive fungal isolates are found, corresponding fungicides must be avoided or carefully used in combination with other effective fungicides. In order to make the consultation of effective fungicide programs informative and accessible to the public, the TDL service will be supplemented with the following: The in vitro fungicide sensitivity assay for major systemic fungicides (e.g., benzimidazole and demethylation inhibitor) to which insensitivity is commonly found in turfgrass pathogens Molecular diagnosis for snow mold fungi using DNA fingerprinting technology as well as phenotypic characteristics to achieve accurate identification of causal agents. In the future, my extension program will design and provide customized fungicide programs for individual locations based on more comprehensive information about the pathogen population. Abernathy, S.D., R.H. White, P.F. Colbaugh, M.C. Engelke, G.R. Taylor, II and T.C. Hale   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (2001). â€Å"Dollar Spot Resistance among Blends of Creeping Bentgrass Cultivars.† Crop    Science. 31: 806-809.

foolear Role of the Fool in William Shakespeares King Lear Essay

The Role of the Fool in William Shakespeare's King Lear In the play King Lear, by William Shakespeare, there are many intriguing characters. Perhaps the most intriguing of them all is the fool. The fool seems to exist outside the play appearing and disappearing without warning. The fool is, however, a necessary character to the evolution of Lear's character, since he is the personification of truth and reason. The fool serves to show Lear how he is going insane, as well as to attempt to delay this inevitability. The fool also demonstrates to Lear the truths about people around him, and tries to point out what treachery and deceit they wish upon him. When Lear is too far-gone to heed the advice and knowledge of the fool, he vanishes without a trace no longer useful, or needed. Right from the beginning of the play Lear shows sings of insanity. Dividing up his kingdom, for the reasons he stated, may seem to be a wise thing to do. Not trusting Cordelia, however, is a sing of insanity, as she is the only daughter who truly loved him. The fool, throughout the entire time he is i...